Aerogel is a solid material with excellent heat insulation performance, with special microstructure such as high specific surface area, nanoscale holes and low density. It is known as “the magic material that changes the world”, also known as “terminal heat preservation and insulation material”, and is the lightest solid material at present. Aerogel is a material with three-dimensional nanonetwork porous structure, which has low density, high specific surface area, high porosity, low dielectric constant, low thermal conductivity and other physical characteristics. It has a wide range of application prospects in heat preservation and insulation, fire retardant, sound insulation and noise reduction, optics, electricity and other fields.